Compiler Construction is a foundational course that explores how high-level programming languages are translated into executable machine code. The course introduces the concepts of interpreters and compilers, focusing on the techniques and methodologies used to design and implement each phase of a compiler. Students learn how source code is analyzed, structured, verified, optimized, and transformed into efficient object code.

Starting with lexical and syntax analysis, the course covers parsing techniques including top-down and bottom-up parsers, followed by semantic analysis and type checking to ensure program correctness. Learners then move on to intermediate representations, code generation, and optimization strategies used to improve performance. The course also emphasizes error detection and recovery, enabling robust compiler design. By the end of the course, students gain a clear understanding of the internal workings of compilers and the practical skills required to build core components of one.